Internal-combustion engine.



Patented Sepia Si 19E?.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l,

. YOUNGREN INTERNAL COMBUSTIQN ENGINE.

n APPLICATION FILED APBnll, 1911. PQHT ATTO RN EY MWTNESSES A. E.YOUNGREN.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

-APPLIGATIOLY FILED APR.11, 1911.

Patenti-ed Sept. 3, 1912.

e6 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

ATTORN EY v WITN ESS ES A. E, YOUNGREN.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

, APPLICATION P1LBD'APR-11, 1911.

- YPatented Sept. 3, 1912.

,6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

y @am 255g/Pff ATTORNEY www A. E. YOUNGREN.

INTERNAL GOM-BUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APIIII, 1911.

Paented Sep. 3 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

LOS'Q,

a, uunulllll i' I 65 WITNESSES ATTORNEY A. E. YOUNGREN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.11.1911.

LSBQG, Patented Sept. 8, 1912.

e SHEETS-SHEET 5.

n y I n WITNESSES ATTORNEY E. YUNGREN INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENC-1I APPIOATION FILED APR. ll, 1911.

6 SIIBETS-SEEET 6.

TTO R N EY .einiiiiiir E. YoUNGREN, or KEWANEE, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENI'GINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application tiled April 11, 1911. Serial No. 620,423.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT E. YOUNGREN,

a citizen of the United States, vresiding at vKewanee, in the county ofHenry and State of Illinois, have invented a new and usefulInternal-Combustion Engine, of which the y following is a specification.

lThis invent-ion has reference to improvements 1n internal combustionengines, and its obJect is to provide a rotary multi-cylinder engine ofthe four cycle type whereinv valves are eliminated the same as inthe twocycle type of engine. Because of the valveless struct-ure the charge`may be taken into a cylinder, compressed, ignited and burnt gasesscavenged without the use of cams,

rollers, webs, valves or rocker arms," or similar devices, and not onlyis thel structure simplified, but engine' troubles due to a f' cylindersare stationary is supplied in part by the cylinders themselves, thesecylinders rotating about a common axis when the engine is in operation.

The engine may be of the vair cooled type, and since the cylindersrotate about a common axis the temperature of the cylinders may be keptdown because of the ventilation offered by the rotation of thecylinders. Furthermore, the proper succession of the cycles may beestablished and will be maintained indefinitely, since such maintenanceis positive and the cycles cannot get out of step one with relation tothe other, but the relation of the cycles to the rotative movementeither as to position or speed may be varied as may be desired and readycompcnsation for wear is, also, provided.

The various features ofthe invention will be best understood from aconsideration of the following detailed description taken in connectionwith tlie'accompanying drawings t iii'1ing a partof this specification.with the understanding, however, that while the drawings illustrate apractical form of the inventionl the form shown is susceptible ofvarious modifications without material change or effect upon the salientfeatures of the invention.

In the drawings z-Figure 1 is an elevation of the engine ot' the presentinvention as viewed from the governo-i' side. Fig. 2 is a centralvertical section along the axis of rotation withk some parts shown inelevation. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section at right angles to theaxis of 1'0- tation with some parts shown in elevation. Fig. i is a sideelevation of one of the'cyl- `inders and the rotatable hub member cai'-rying'the cylinders, as well as a portion of the rim and of some otherparts, the main engine shaft and the shaft individual to the cylinderbeing shown in'cross section. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5*-5 ofFig. 4 looking toward the axis of rot-ation ot the engine and showingsome parts omitted from Fig. 4, Fig. 5 being drawn to a larger scalethan Fig. 4.. Fig. 6 isa perspective view with parts in section of theadjustable exhaust-port annulus. Fig. 7 is an elevation with parts insection of the timer ring. Fig. 8 isa face view of the stationary gearon the exhaust side of the engine, also showing the means for adjustingthe exhaust ports, the view being taken on the line of division betweenthe liub and the exhaustport ring and looking from the interior towardthe outside of the machine, some parts beingshown in section. Fig. 9 .isa view similar to Fig. 8 but taken on the timer side of the machine and,showing .the intake-port ring, some parts being sliown in section. Fig.l() is a section on the line 10-10. of Fig. 8 but drawn to a largerscale. Fig. 11 is a section on the line 11--11 of Fig. 10 but omittingthe adjusting annular rack( Fig. 12 is a section of the governorstructure drawn to a larger scale than the other figures, the sectionbeing taken on the line 12--12 of Fig. l.. Fig. 13 is a section on theline 13-13 of Fig.' 12. Fig. 14 is a section on the line 14e-lief Fig.13. Fig. '15 is a section on tlie line 15-15 of Fig. i3.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown abasic member l, which may beconsidered Patented Sept. 3, 1912. l

as a base plate of appropriate dimensions or not meeting, the legs ofeach standard being united in a supporting member 5, 6, respec tively,ofapproximately semi-circular form provided with a central hub 7, 8,-respectively, the standards 2 and 3 with their legs 4, supportingmembers 5 and 6 and hubs 7 and 8, constituting the side frame members ofvthe machine and forming supports for the rotary portions of themachine, thesesupportingy frame structures being suitably spaced apartto accommodate the several -intermediate structures as will hereinafterappear.

ends of a hollow shaft 9 and each supporting member or head and 6 withthe hub formed thereon has its inner face shaped to receive a respectiveannulus 10 or 11, as the -case may be, such annulus being secured to therespective heads 5 and 6 and by bolts 12 carrying a retaining strip 13of substantially semi-circular form and terminating at the top edge ofthe respective head 5 and 6, saidgretaining strip being for a purpose tobe described.

The annulus 10 is formed at the outer edge with an axially extendingange or ring 14, terminating atthe edge remote from the body of theannulus in a radially extendlng peripheral flange 15., the extent of theange 14 from the body of the annulus 10 being such that there is a spaceleft between the flange 15 and the strip or halfring 13 of the head 5.The yannulus 11 is formed with a flange 16 like the flange 14, and thesaid flange 16 hasthereon a iange 17 like the iiange 15. The inner faceof the H ange14 is turned true for the accommodat1on of a portion of atimer structure which will be hereinafter referred to.

The annulus at a point nearer its axis than the flange 14 is inset toform a recess and the body of the annulus 10 surrounding the eye of theannulus is formed with an axial extension 19 continued through the hub7, whichhas a central passage of appropriate size for the purpose` andthe extension 19 terminates Hush with the outer edge of the hub 7 Theeye of the annulus 10 has intermediate thereof a ring 20 forming oneraceway for balls 21 confined there-to by another ring 22 interior tothe ring 20 and carried by :inappropriate portion of the shaft 9. Theeve of the annulus 10 exterior to the ring is threaded for `thereception of a bushing ring 23 grooved out on its inner face to receivepacking 24 and the inner endy of the eyeof the annulus 10 is threadedt'o receive a bushing ring 25 also grooved out interiorly to carrypacking 26. The bushing 25 does not extend to the shaft 9 but engages afilling ring 27 carried by the shaft 9.

The annulus 1'1 is similar to the annulus 10 except that it does notextend through the hub 8 but kcarries a ring 28 having a The hubs 7 and8 are traversed by the race-way retaining balls v29 in conjunction withanother ring 30 having a race-way and mounted on the appropriate portionof the shaft 9. The eye of the annulus 11 also carries packing holdingbushings 31 and 32 similar to the bushings 23` and 25 and the bushing 32is in engagement with a filling in ring 33 carried by the shaft 9 andsimilar tto the ring 27. The several bushings with the packing ringsserve as oil retainers for the anti-friction or ball bearings, and theannuli 10 and 11 constitute sub-frames in conjunction with the mainframes formed of the heads 5 and 6 and the support-ing standards2 and 3.Mounted on each annulus or sub-frame 10 and 1l is a circular rack 34confined between the half-ring 13 and fiange 15 of the main fra-me head5 and the sub-frame 10 and the like parts of the main frame head 6 andsub-frame 11., and these circular racks 34 are further held in place byretaining strips or half-rings 35 made fast to the. respectivesub-frames 10 and 11 between the ends of the half-rings 13 of the heads5 and 6, the said half-rings 1.3 and 35 coacting as retaining means forholding the racks 34 against the respect-ive flanges 15 and 17. The,racks 34 are held against rotation by' keys, indicated at 36', and thestrips 35tare. held in place by screws 37 or by other suitable means, sothat these strips 35 may be removed when desirable and the keys 36 alsoremoved when the'racks 34 may be turned to different positions for apurpose which will hereinafter appear.

Mounted on the shaft 9 intermediate thereof is a hub or port-block 3Smade fast to the shaft by a key 39 or in any other appropriate manner.This port block 3S is shown as substantially square in cross section,although notlimited to such form. and each face of the port block isrecessed. as shown at 40, for the reception of the corresponding end ofa cylinder 41, which latter is provided with a flange 42 designed toengage the corresponding face of the port block and held thereto by stubbolts 43 or by any other appropriate means. In the par- -ticula-rshowing of t-he drawings there are four cylinders 41 equi-distantlydisposed about the port block 38 and in radial relation thereto, eachcylinder having heat radiating fins 44 formed on or"ttached theretoafter the usual practice in explosion engines wlth air cooled cylinders.Each cylinder at the outer end carries a crank case 45 provided onopposite sides with removablecheeks 46 in which are formed bearings fora cran shaft 47, tothe crank 48 1of which there is connected one end ofa pitman 49, the other end of whichis-connected to a piston 5() ofthecustomary trunk type within the cylinder 41. So far as each cylinderwith its 'crank case, piston, crank shaft and pitman is concerned, theparticular construction is not material tothe present invention, and soneeds no special description.

Each end of each cylinder shaft. 47 carries a gear Wheel 51 meshing witha respective one of the racks 34, so that when the piston isreciprocated rotative movementis imparte to the gears 51 oh each end ofthe crank shaft 47 and the cylinder with its crank case andthe portblock 37, together with the shaft 9, is rotated about the longitudinalaxis of the shat't 9, since the parts carrying the racks 34 are fixedagainst movement. They result is that the cylinders and parts carriedand controlled by them rotate when the engine is running with a speeddetermined by the relation of the gears 51 tothe racks 34, and .thespeed of reciprocationj'of the pistons 50.

The several crank cases 45 have their outer ends connect-ed by a rim 52which may be a continuous structure, and made fast to the crank cases byscrews 53 or in any other suitable manner, so that the crank cases areheld in fixed relationl one to the other bythe rim and strengthened andbraced thereby, while the said rim may be utilized for the applicationof a belt, whereby power may be transmitted to the work to be done. Ofcourse, it is evident that the rim 52 may be otherwise'constructed forthe transmission of power.

The several crank cases are connected together by breather tubes 54opening at the ends into the crank cases, and these breather tubes maybe located close to the inner periphery of the rim 52. At intermedia-tepoints between the crank cases the breather tubes have Ts 55 includedtherein, and from these Ts there are branch tubes 56 extending radiallyto the block 38, into which latter the branch tubes 56 are screwed, andin alinement with these tubes are conduits 57.

v also` radially disposed with relation to the ends of the block'38,there being a passage 5S) and oppositely directed passages 60 and 61 torcach cylinder 41. rlhe passage 60 in conjunction with the passage 59constitutes the inlet port er passage forthe cylinder, while thepassages 59 and 61 constitute the exhaust port er passage for thecylinder, and, moreover, these passages when not serving either as theinlet, or exhaust passages constitute part of the explosion chamberwherein the charge is compressed and ignited.

Attached to the opposite ends of' the block 38 by bolts 62 or otherwiseare `ring likemembers63, 64, respectively, each substantially like theother and one of which, say the ring 64, is, shown in detail in Figs. 10and 11. The ltwo rings constitute continuationswf the block 38, the'ring 63 having passages or ports 65 therein matching the-passages 60 ofthe ring 38 and opening radially outward at the periphery of the ring 63and the ring 64 having passages :or ports 66 matching the passages 61 ofthe block 38 and also opening radially outward at the periphery of thering 64. Each ring '63, 64 is provided on opposite sides of the peripheral 'openings of the passages 65 and 66, 35 respectively, with flanges67 extending radially outward from the periphery ot the respectivevring. Intermediate of the passages 65fand 66, respectively, the ringsarey provided with sockets` 68,- in which are lodged blocks 69 in radialrelation to the respect-ive ring, and each block is formed with a vstem70 seated in a recess 71 and .there surrounded by a spring 72, `which'latter tends constantly to orceits block 69 r'adially outward. VThe ring63 may be termed the rotatable intake-port ring, and the ring 64 may betermed the rotatable exhaust-port ring. The ring 63 is surrounded byanother ring 73, and the ring 64 is surro-unded by another ring 74, eachof these rings being formed of two parts and provided with appropriatemeet-in anges 7 5 connected by bolts 76, whereby t e rings 73 and 74 maybe applied to thelrespective rings 63 and 64 with the flanges 67 seatedin appropriate grooves 77 formed in the inner peripheries. of the rings73 and' 74. y

The ring 73 is formed with a port or pals'- sage 78 therethrough, intocommunication with which any one of the ports 65 may be brought, vandthe end of the passage 78 remote from the ring 63 is covered by a mani--Jfold 79 in communication with a conduit 80 leading through thesub-'trame 10 and main 115 `frame head 5 to the exterior thereof 4andprovided with certa-in mechanisms Yto be hereinafter described, thepurpose of the conduit- 80 being to conduct an explosive mixture to thepassage 78 and through the 120 ports 65 in appropriateorder totheinterior of the block 38 and ultimately to the cylinders 41. Leakagevfrom the intake-port or passage 78 about the ring 63 is prevented bythe flanges 67 and between the ports or pas- 125 sages 66 by the blocks69.

The ring 73 is seated in the recess 18 formed in the sub-frame l() andmay be held against rotation therein by any apprepriate fastening means,one form of fastening means which may be used being describedhereinafter in Aconnection with the ring Tit and the ring 73 isprovidedon the side seated in the recess I8 with a radial peripheral flange S1for such purpose, said flange serving to center the ring 73 in saidrecess.

The ring 74 is provided with a flange 82 like the flange 81 of the ring73, and this flange is seated in a recess S3A in the subframe 11 likethe recess 18 in the sub-frame 10. The flange 8 2 is formed atappropriate points about its periphery with recesses 84 best sho-wninFigs. 6 and 8, and these re cesses or pockets '84: are designed toreceive locking heads 85 each on one end of a stem 86 mounted in andprojecting through the sub-fra1ne 11 and through the head 6 of the mainframe, said stem being threaded at the outer end to receive a nut 87provided -with a manipulating handle SS, so that the stem 8T may bemoved in the direction of its length against the action of a spring 89acting`on the stem 86 in a direction tending to unseat the head S5' fromthe particular' pocket 84 in which it normally engages. W`hile not.mandatory, it is preferred to provide two heads S5 at diametricallyopposite points, and fo-ur pockets S1 equi-distantly disposed about theflange SQ, whereby the ring 7 4 may, on being released from lockingengagement with the heads S5, be rotated a suitable distance. in eitherdirection to be there again secured in the new position by the heads S5,which are drawn into the pock ets S1 by asuitablc manipulation of thehandle 8S in a. direction to cause thc nut ST to screw on the threadedend of the stem 86, thus compressing the corresponding spring anddrawing the head S5 into the pocket 81 then in its path.

ln .order to conveniently rotate the ring 7J( it is provided on the edgeremote from, the flange S2 with a circular series of gear teeth 89vengiaged by a pinion 90 on a shaft 91 carriedA to the exterior ot' theengine 'f1-aine through the sub-frame 11 at an appropriate point,whereby at the will of the operator the ring 71 may be released from thelocking heads S5 and then rotated by a suitable manipulation of a handwheel 92 on the accessible end of the shaft '91 until the desired newposition is reached, when the heads 85 may be again brought into lockingrelation to the appropriate pockets Si in the flange 89 and the ring 74be locked against further rotative movement.

The 'ring 74 is provided with an exhaust port or passage 93 throughwhich products of combustion may escape either directly to theatmosphere or into a suitable exhaust conduit carried to a point ofdisposal. but

I matching relation with the port 93 in the rotative movement of therotor of the engine.

In order that lubricant may be supplied to the pistons of the engine,one end of the hollow shaft 9, say the end projecting through the hub 8,is covered by a cap 91 made fast to the hub 8 and provided with a standpipe 95- and a filling funnel 96, although, of course,` the end of thepipe provided with a funnel 96 may be ordinarily closed by a suitablecap to prevent containination of the lubricant by dust or dirt. lVhenlubricant is poured into t-he pipe 95 it passes into the shaft 9 bygravity, butis prevented from moving entirely to the other end of theshaft by a wall or diaphragm 97 Within the pipe on theside of thepassages 5S remote from the cap 94. .The lubricantwill gravitate`through those passages '58 then lowermost and find its way through thecorresponding pipes 56 into the breather tubes 54, and during therunning of the engine, lubricant Will find its way from one crank paseto the other and keep the pistons and the bearings in the crank casesand cylinders well lubricated. A general equilibrium of pressurethroughout the crank cases and breather tubes is maintained by theirinterconnection, the air or other fluid within the crank cases beingacted upon by the reciprocation of the pistons to circulate through thecrank cases and breather tubes,

but at no ltime put under any material compression or degree ofsuper-atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure.

Entering each passage 60 isthe sparking end of a spark plug 9S carried bv the block 38, but the particular type of spark plug employed isimmaterial to the present inventi'on'. Each spark plug is connected by aconductor 99 to a contact member 100 carried by the respective cylinder11 in position to engage a contact 101 shown in F ig. 13, which contactis preferably in the form of a Wheel or roller and is carried b v a stem102 project-ing from a boss 103 on a ring 101 shown in Figs. Q, 7, 9, 1Qand 13.y and the stem 102 is connected to a binding post 105 mounted onthe boss 103. which binding post is designed to receive. a conductor100' forming one branch of a suitable sparking circuit, the other branchof -which ma)r be grounded through the engine structure after the usualpractice. The timer ring 101is.alsoI` provided with another boss 10?ucarrying a binding post 105 for a conductor 100, and also carrying astem 10Q, which it will be understood is provided with a contact likethe contact 101, although such contact is not shown in the drawings. fThe inner periphery of the ring 101 earries a gear segment 107 engaged bv a pinion 109 on a shaft 109. to which reference will hereinaftqr bemade in connection with the description of the governor mechanism, but

'ring 104 being seated against the inner face of the flange 14 and heldin place by a retaining ring 4113 secured to the same flange 14 byscrews 114, so that the timer ring may be removed wherLnecessary for anypurpose.

The ring 73 is adjustable circumferentially and for this purpose isprovided on that side of its periphery remote from the flange 81 withgear teeth 115.in mesh with which is a pinion 116 carried by a shaft 117journaled in and extending through an appropriate portion of thesub-frame 10 to the exterior thereofl where it carries a hand Wheel 118accessible to an operator for manipulating the shaft and by it turningthe pinion 116 in onedirection or the other to impart rotative movementtothe ring 7 3 to the desired extent. The pinion 116, shaft 117 and handwheel 118 are like` the gear wheel 90, shaft 91 and hand wheel 92 forthemanipulation of the ring 74.

Before describing the governor structure, the operation of the engine asso far described will be set forth.

When the engine is set up, and more especially Awhen proportionedsubstantially Aas shown, that is, with the circular gears 34 providedwith double the number of teeth that are providedon the gear wheels 51,whereby each gear wheel 51 will make two complete revolutions o-n eachcomplete revolution of the rotor of the engine, care is taken that thereciprocatory movements of y the pistons with relation to the positionof the inlet and exhaust ports of the rings 73 and 74 shall be such thatwhen a cylinder moves into communication with the inlet port through therespective pfassages 59, and 65, such piston shall be on the forwardstroke, beginning the forward stroke as the passage or port first opensto the inlet port 78 and completing' such forward stroke as, orimmediately after the passage or port 65 leaves the inlet port 78, sothat the cylinder becomes filled by suction with an explosive charge.This action under' the proportions assumed will consume one-quarter of arevolution of the rotor. During the next quarter revolution of the rotorthe piston under consideration is caused to make the return orcompression stroke, so that the vcharge is put .under compression readyfor outer end of the particular cylinder considered under the impulse ofthe expansion of the burning gases.v On the completion of t-he thirdquarter revolution of the rotor the piston begins its return stroke,this being caused bv the progressive movement of the rotor and theengagement of the gear wheels 51 with the gears 34, and as this returnstroke during the fourth quarter of the revolution of the rotor beginsthe passages 61 and 66 connected to the passage 59 communieating 'withthe cylinder under consideration are brought into coincidence with theexhaust port 93 in the ring 74, the passages and ports remaining incommunication during practically the entire return stroke of thelpiston, which becomes the scavenging stroke forcing out the burnedgases. Immediately after the scavenging stroke is completed the exhaustport in the ring 74 and the exhaustport 66 in the ring 64 are moved outof engagement, while the` inlet port 65 in the ring 63 on the other sideof the rotor moves into communication with the inlet port 78, so thatthe forward stroke of the piston immediately succeeding the scavengingstroke acts to draw in another fresh charge, and so the vcycle ofoperations continues as in the ordinary four cycle explosion engine. Itwill be observed, however, that no valves are provided and consequentlythe various mechanisms necessary in four cycle engines for the operationof such 'valves is entirely obviated.

In the particular structure shown in Fig. 3 the piston of the lowermostcylinder may be considered as about to begin the forward or suctionstroke for the char e with the rotor as a 'whole moving clockwlse, theparticular piston and its cylinder under consideration being in the sixoclock position.

forwardly, and consequently the zone of movement included between thesepositions may be considered'as the 'intake zone. During the movementfrom the nine oclock position to the twelve oclock position the pistonis moving toward the axis of rotation, and since the ports are allclosed, the charge ,within the cylinder is being compressed, so that thezone includedbetween the nine oclock position and the twelve oclockposition` may be considered as the compression zone. If the charge befired at the point of greatest compression, then the gases are 'burningduring the movement of the cylinder from the twelve oclock position tothe three oclock position, and this may be considered generally as thefiring zone, although in practice by the advancing or retarding of thespark the firing of the charge may take place either slightly prior tothe arrival of the cylinder at the twelve oclock position or slightlyafter having passed such position, so that the firing zoneis not anabsolutely fixed zone, but may encroach some' on, the compression zone,or may not begln until after the compression zone has been passed andthe piston begins again its forward movement. The zone included betweenthe three. oclock and six voclock positions comprises the exhaust zonewhen the burned gases' are forced out of the particular cylinder beingconsidered. Of course, the same cycle of operations takes lace in eachcylinder, but in succession, an only when the particular cylindersarrive at the particular zones mentioned, considering the parts asrelated substantially as shown in Fig. 3. It follows, therefore, that ineach complete revolution of the rotor each piston makes onevpower strokeand, therefore, there are four power strokes in an engine having fourcylinders, but the power strokes all take place in the same zone andIconsequentlyfthe wear upon the gears 34 is greatest at this zone, sincethestrain borne by the gears through this zone is far in excess of theforces necessary to drive the pistons during the exhaust, intake andcompres-` sion operations. Ultimately, therefore, the gears 34 becomeworn in the zone comprised between the twelve oclock and three oclockpositions, wherefore it is advisable to shift the gears 34, which isreadily accomplished by removing the strips 13 and 35 and the keys 36,when the gears 34 may be moved axially along the periphery of therespective sub-frames 10 and 11 out of engagement with the gears 51, andthen turned until unworn teeth are brought into the firing zone, afterwhich these gears 34 may be returned to theirformer position, againstthe flanges 15 and 17, respectively, and the half rings 13 and 35 againfastened in place.

relation of the gear wheels 51 to each other andto the gear 34, therehas been no change in the phase relation of the several pistons, andconsequently no other adjustments are needed. Under these conditions thegears 51 where reaching the power zone engage, an unworn set of teeth ofthe gears 34 and the engine will run as though new gears 34 had beeninstalled. By this means the life of the engine so far as the gears 34are concerned is much prolonged.

1t is to be observed that by making the block 38 and the end members orrings 63 and 64 separately and afterward uniting them, the severalpassages through these blocks may be readily bored out, thus savingcoring and permitting the production of a smoother job than is possiblewith-coring. The construction of the engine is also facilitated byhaving the rin i 63 and 64 made separateiy from the bloot 38, sincethese .rings must be turned true to make practi- Since'v this operatlonhas not changed the proper 'callygas tight connections with the ringsvextended suiiiciently to include the rings 63 and 64, which areappropriately grooved to receive the key, so that the bolts 62 arerelievedfrom strain. l

For purposes of regulation of speed under varying conditions of load, a.governor' is necessary, and for this purpose the governor shown in Figs.1 and 12 to 15 is-employed, .the governor being so arranged as tocontrol not only the fuel supply, but, also, the spark timer, wherebythe most eiiicient conditions of running may be maintained. Secured tothe head 5 and sub-frame 10 is a bracket 119 in the general form of ayoke and having its connecting portion 120 traversing the line of theaxis of rotation ofthe rotor of the engine if such axis be considered usprolonged on the intake side of the engine. The shaft 9 is extendedbeyond the sub-frame 10, where the latter passes through the hub 7, andon the extended portion of the shaft 9 there is secured a collar 121 byakey 122, and on this collar` there are formed pairs of ears 123 atdiametrically opposite points of the'collar and between each pair ofears there is pivotally secured one end of an arm 124 by a suitablepivot pin 125, lthe other end of the arm carrying a weight 126, such asis commoniy employed in connection with centrifugal governors. Each arm124 has near the weighted end a pair of earscarrying a pivot pin 127 bymeans of which' one end of a link 128 is secured to the respective arm124. Thev other ends ofthe links 128 are united by a common pivot pin129 carried by a block 130 formed at one end with a head 131 litt-ingthe interior of the shaft 9-and adapted to slide therealong'to and fromthe division wall or web 97. The block is guided in the sliding movementby a ring 132 within the hollow shaft 9 near the correspondingscrewsr133 extending-through the walls of the shaft and intothring. Theend of the block 130 remote from the head 131 is ,outer end, this ringbeing held in place by y formed with a socket 134norma11y closed by l ascrew bushing 135 confining a ball end 136 of a stem 137 extendingthrough the bushing and exterior thereto provided with screw threadsy'138 for the reception of a nut 139. The stein 137 is continued beyondthe screw threads 138 and is there widened and formed on opposite sideswith gear teethforming racks 140 and 141, res actively. The rack portionof the stem 13 passes through the connecting member intermediate of thelength of the iatter, and beyond this connecting member 120 the stem isformed with' a head 142 and beyond this head the stem is further formedwith an extension .143. Secured to the connecting member 120 is a guide144 shown as in the form of a cylinder, and the end of the guide remotefrom the member 120 is open ended and interiorly threaded for thereception of a thumb screw 145 having. threads adapted .-to the threadedend of the guide and an axial bore for the passa-ge of the stem 143.Surrounding the' stem 143 between the head 142and a washer 146 movablealong the stem 143 and engaged by the thumb screw 145'is a spring 147resistant to movement ofthe stem 137 with its rack teeth. 140 and 141underthe impulse of the governor balls 126, and the degree of resistanceof this spring is readily adjustable by the thumb screw 145.

The connecting member 120 is formed on opposite sides of the passagekfor the stem 137 with cheek plate extensions 148 between which the rackbar portion of the stem 137 is movable. Journaled in these cheek platesis a short shaft 149 carrying between the cheek plates a pinion 150 inmesh with the rack teeth 1.40, and exterior to one of the cheek platesthis shaft carries a gear wheel 151 which in turn is in mesh with apinion 152 on a shaftv153 journaled in a frame 154 extending from theconnecting member 120 in a direction perpendicular thereto, this framealso carrying in parallel relation to the member 120 a bearing strip 155to which the shaft 153 extends, this bearing strip serving to hold thepinion 152 against movement lengthwise of said shaft.

Near the end of the shaft 153 remote from the pinion 152 is an elongatedspline 156, and on this portion of the shaft there is mounted anelongated hub 157 held against rotation on the shaft by the spline 156but capable of moving in the direction of the longitudinal axis of theshaft. This hub is formed ucar its opposite ends with respective bevelgear wheels 1.58 and 159.

The frame 154 is formed with a lateral extension 16.0 in parallelrelation to the frame 119 and at the end :remote from the frame 154connected to the sub-frame 14. This frame 160 is formed with a journalbearing 161 for one end of the shaft 109 and suoli end of the shaftcarries a bevel pinion 162 into mesh with which either bevel .gear 158or 159 may be caused to mesh on being moved in the proper directionalong the shaft The cheek plates 148 also carry a short shaft 163 onwhich is mounted a pinion 164 between the cheek plates and in mesh withthe rack 141, while exterior to the cheek plates on the side thereofremote from the gear wheel 151 is a pinion 165 in mesh with an idlerpinion 166, and this last named pinion engages a rack bar 167 mounted onone side of the connecting` member 120 by means of-headed pins 168extending through slots 169 inthe rack .bar and carried, by .the Iconnecting member 120. vThe rack bar 167 is of a length to extend beyondone side of the frame. 119 where it is formed with a threaded `stem 170,to which are applied nuts 171, 172 respectively, and this threaded stembetween the nuts extends through a. passage 173 in a lever, 174 having apivotsupport 175 on the corresponding end member of the fra-me 119, andthe end of the'lever 174 remo-tefrom that traversed by the stem 170 isformed into a rounded head. 176 in position to engagea rounded socket 177 in a valve block 17 8 movable in a valve casing 179 interposed in theconduit 86. The valve block 178 is provided with a guiding stem 180movable through a guide" 1'81- l 182 abutting at one end against acollar 183 on the stem and at the other end against a bushing 184 in theend of the guide 181. A knob 1.85 at. the end of the stem 180 remotefrom the block 179 and exterior Ato the bushing 184 limits the movementof the block 17 8 under the action of the spring 182. Beyond the valvecasing 17 9 the 'conduit 180 may be continued to a suitable source offuel supply and may also include a valve 186 by mea-ns of which' thefuel supply may be manually controlled.

Letit be assumed that the engine is at rest. and that the governorstructure is in the position shown in F ig. 12. Under these conditionsthe spark timer is in position best adapted to start the engine and theconduit 80 is open to the full extent for the admission of fuel to theengine. When the engine starts and begins t'o gain `speedlthe rotativemovement imparted by the shaft 9 to the governor balls 126 tends tocause these balls to move apart in the manner of a centrifugal governor,but this movement is resisted by the spring 147, and until theresistance of the spring is overcome thegovernor balls remain in thesame position with relation to other parts that they had when the enginewas at rest. Ultimately, however, the engine gains sufficient speedunder the conditions of fuel supply, because the centrifugal forceacting on the governor balls over-I comes the resistance of thev spring147 and the governor balls will then move 'away from the aXis ofrotation and through the links 128 `cause=an axial movement of the block130 and of 'the stem 137. block 130 rotates, the stem 137 does notparticipate in this rotation, being held against rotation by theconnect-ing member 120, the rack portion of the stem and the passagethrough the connecting member 120 being of non-circular contour. This isimmaterial, however, since the stem 137 has a swivel connection with theblock 130. The axial While the movement of the stem 137 causes arotative movement of the shaft 163 which is imparted by the pinion 165to the pinion 166 and by the latter to the rack bar 167, the directionof movement being such as to carry the adjusting nut 17-1 away from thelever 174 and the adjusting nut 172 toward said lever, and this movementmay continue until ultimately the end 176 of the lever 174 is broughtinto engagement With the valve block 178 and the latter is moved to acommensurate extent on the continued movement of the stem 137 intothrottlin relation to the conduit 80, thus cutting o the fuel supply asthe speed of the engine increases, and ultimately the speed or" theengine and the fuel supply will come into balance, so that the'speed ofthe engine will be assured and will be maintained practically constantunder ordinary variations of load within the lilnits of good enginepractice. It will be observed that the governor is not active tothrottle the fuel supply until it approaches full speed, because ofthelost motion between the lever 174 and the actuating nut 172, and alsothe lost motion between the head 176 and the valve block 17S, so thatthe engine may approach full speed quickly under full fuel supply before.being subjected to the action of the governor. It will be furtherobserved that the governor is operative to act on the fuel supplyirrespective of the direction of rotation ot' the lengine. The governorwill also act upon the timer mechanism, but this action must be in theproper direction in agreement with the direction of speed of the engine.For this reason the two bevel gears 158 and 159 are provided and eithermay be moved into engagement with the bevel pinion 162 in accordancewith the direction of rotative movement of the engine, the properadjustment being made before the engine is started. As the engineincreases` in speed, motion is conveyed from the rack -1-10 to thepinion 150, thence to the gear wheel 151 and by the latter to the pinion152, which will cause the rotation of the shaft 158, and by the properbevel gear 158 or 159 to the pinion 162, thus rotating the shaft 109 andmoving the timer ring 104 to a commensurate extent in the ,properdirection, thereby adjusting the time of the production of the spark inproper time relation to the movement of the piston on the compressionstroke to obtain most eflicient results.

It is evident that while four cylinders are shown in the drawings, agreater or a lesser number of cylinders may be used, and it isalso'evident that while each piston is given two complete reciprocationsduring one rotative movement of the rotor, such reciprocations may bemade greater or lesser in number than the particular arrangement shownin the drawings, since such changes do not effect the invention and onlyrequire changes in the proportions of the parts.

There is' shown and described herein a governor structure, but no claimis herein made to this governor structure per se, since this structureis to constitute the subject-matter of another application wherein suchclaims will be made.

What is claimed is 1.; An explosion engine of the rotary type providedwith a circular series ot power cylinders, a support common to all thecylinders and lprovided with intake and eX- haust passages for eachcylinder and leading to opposite ends of the common support, andseparate port controlling means at the 1ntake and exhaust ends of thecommon support, the port controlling means on the intake side beingcommon to all the intake passages andthe port controlling means on theexhaust side being common to all the exhaust passages, the portcontrolling means being brought into coincidence with the respectivepassages insuccession by the rotative movement of the rotor of theengine.

2. An explosion engine of the rotary type comprising a rotatablecircular series of power cylinders, a supporting member for thecylinders common to all the cylinders and provided with passagesindividual to the cylinders and in constant communication therewith andleading to opposite ends of the supporting member, and separate meanscontrolling the opposite ends of the respective passages leading to eachcylinder for supplying fuel and permitting the escape of burned gases,said means being in relatively fixed relation to the cylinder support,and the latter being movable by the rotative movement of the series ofcylinders to bring said cylinders in succession into communication withthe intake and exhaust means.

3. An ex losion engine of the rotatable type provi ed with a pluralityof power cylinders, a rotatable port member participating in therotatable movement of the cylinders and provided with ports individualto Ithe cylinders and opening at op'- posite ends of the rotatable portmember, and relatively fixed separate` port members constitutingrespectively intake and exhaust port members, each cylinder having itsport members movable by the rotative movement of the cylinder into fourcycle relation to the intake and exhaust port members.

An explosion engine comprising arotatable series of radially disposedpower cylinders, a supporting port block for the cylinders participatingin the rotative movement. of the cylinders and provided with passagesleading to opposite ends of the supporting port block and constitutingintake and exhaust ports individual toeach cylinder, and separate intakeand exhaust port means at the respective opposite ends of the supportingport block relatively fixed' communication with the ports of the yrela-ltively fixed port members in four cycle order.

v 5. An explosion engine `comprising' a 'ro-' tatable series of radiallydisposed power cylinders, a supporting port block for the cylindersparticipating inthe rotative movement Vof the cylinders and providedwith passages leading to opposite ends of the supporting block andconstituting intake and exhaust ports individual to each. cylinder,intake and exhaust. port means at the res ective opposite ends of thesupport-ing blbck and relatively iixed with respect to the rotatableport block, the ports in said rotatable port block being movable by therotation of said port block into communication with the ports of therelatively fixed port members in,

four cycle order, igniting means for each cylinder, and means forrendering the igniting means active by the movement of the cylinder toalpredetermined portion of the rotative movement of the respectivecyliiider.

6. An explosion engine comprising arotatable series of radially disposedpower cylinders, a supporting portblock for the cylinders participatingin the rotative movenient of the cylinders and provided with passagesleading to opposite ends of the supporting port blockconstituting intakeand exhaust ports individual to each cylinder, intake and exhaust portmeans at the respective opposite ends of the supporting port block andrelatively fixed with respect to the rotatable port block, the ports insaid rotatable port block being movable by the rotation of said portblock into communication with the ports of the relatively fixed portmembers in four cycle order, igniting means for each cylinder, and meansfor rendering the igniting means act-ive by the movement of the cylinderrto a predetermined portion o the rotative movement of the respectivecylinder, said last named means being provided with means for changingits position with relation to the rotative movement of the cylinders toretard or advance the ignition point with respect to such rotativemovement,

7. An explosion engine provided with a circular series of radiallydisposed power cylinders with pistons therein, a port block carryingsaid cylinders provided ,witl i .passages comniunicating with theinterior of the cylinders, said port block having circular` terminalportions, separate port members each provided with a passage, one memberwith its port constituting the inta-ke side of the engine and the othermember with its port constituting the exhaust side of the engine, andmeans for causing the report block being ciprocatory movement of thepistons to impart rotative movement to the cylinders and the' port blockcarrying the cylinders to bring the passages `of the cylinders in fourcycle order into coincidence with the intake and. exhaust ports of theengine.

8. An explosion engine provided Witha circular series of radiallydisposed power Vcylinders wit-h pistons therein, a port blockcarryingsaid-cylinders provided with passages communicating with t-lieinterior of the cylinders, said' port block having circular terminalportions, separate port inembers each provided with a passage, onemember with its port constituting the intake side of the engine and theother member with its port constituting the exhaust side of the engine,and means for causing thereciprocatory movement of the pistons to impartrotative movement to Athe cylinders and the port block carrying thecylinders to bring the passages of the cylinders in four cycle orderinto coincidence with the intakel and exhaust ports of the engine, theport members being movable at will to vary their relation to the portblock to cause rotative sages communicating with the interior of. l

the cylinders, said port block having circular terminal portions,separate port members each provided with a passage, one member with itsport constituting the intake side of the engine and the other memberwith its port constituting the exhaust side of the engine, andmeans forcausing thereciprocatory movement of the pistons to impart rotativemovement to the cylinders and the port block carrying the cylinders tobring the passages of the cylinders in four cycle order into coincidencewith the intake and exhaust ports of the engine, said last named meanscomprising relative-ly fixed circular racks and gear wheels engagingsaid racks actuated by and actuating the pistonsl 10. A11 explosionengine of the rotary type provided with a rotatable se-ries of powercylinders each with a piston therein', a gear wheel carried by eachcylinder and connected to thel piston, a relatively fixed circular rackengaged by the gear Wheel of each piston for causing rotative movementof the series of cylinders by the reciprocation ofthe pistons, andremovable means for holding the circular rack in position whereby therack may be shifted axially and rot-ated with relation to the gearwheels andl cylinders.-

11. explosion engine of the rotary type comprising a rotatable series ofpower cylinders each with a piston therein and each power scylindercarrying a crank shaft connected to the piston and gear wheels on saidcrank shaft, circular racks fr engagement with the gear wheels, iixedsupports for saidvracks on'which, they may be moved axially androtatively, and means for locking the racks to the fixed .supportstherefor indifferent positions of rotative adjustment.

12. In an explosion engine, a fixed por-f connecting the outer ends ofthe crankv cases and constituting a power transmitting member. for theengine, and means for connecting the interiors of the crank casestogether.

13. An explosion engine having a xed portion, a rotor mounted thereonand com.

prising a circular series of radially disposed power cylinders each witha piston therein and carrying a crank case at the-outer end, a crankshaft mounted in each crank case and connected to the respective piston,gear connections between each crank shaft .and a fixed portion of theengine for causing rotative movement of the rotor by reciprocatorymovement of the pistons, a peripheral band connecting the outer endsofthe crank cases and constituting aV power transmitting member for theengine, and conduits interconnecting the crank cases and constitutingbreather tubes therefor.

14. -An explosion engine having a fixed portion, av rotor mountedthereonand comprising a port block, a plurality of power cylinderscarried by said block in radial relation thereto, intake a-nd outletsports mounted on the xed part of the engine and placed in communicationwith the power cylinders in four cycle order by the rotative movement ofthe port block and cylinders carried thereby,- crank cases carried bythe outer ends Vof the cylinders, crank shafts mounted'in the crankcases, gear wheels carried by the crank shafts, gear racks engaged bythegear wheels and mounted on the fixed portion of the engine, a hollowshaft carrying the port block and journaled iii the fixed portion of theengine, and breather tubes interconnected with the crank cases and withthe hollow shaft. i

15. Anl explosion engine having a fixed portion, -a rotor mountedthereon and comprising a port block, a plurality of powercylinderscarried by said block in radial relation thereto, intake and outletports mounted on the fixed part Aof the engine and placed incommunicatlon with the power cylinders in four cycle order by therotative movement of the port block and cylinders carried thereby, crankcases carried by the outer ends of the cylinders, crank shafts mountedin the crank cases, gear wheels carried by the crank shafts, gear racksengaged by the gear wheels and mounted on the fixed portion of theengine, a hollow shaft carrying the port block and journaled in thefixed portion of the engine, breather tubes interconnected with thecrank cases and with the hollow shaft, and

a band connecting the outer ends of the 8.0 crank cases together andutilizable as a power transmitting means for the engine.

16. An explosion engine comprising spaced supporting frame structures,sub frame members carried by the frame structures, gear racks mounted onthe peripheral portions of the sub-frame members, a shaft mounted insaid sub-frame members, a port block carried by the shaft, powercylinders carried by the port block in radial relation thereto, the saidport block being provided with passages extending to opposite endsthereof and communicating with the cylinders individually, terminal portmembers for the port block and secured to the latter, port rings mountedin the sub-frames in encircling relation to the terminal members of 'theport block, one port ring having means for communication with a sourceof fuel supply and the other port ring provided with an exhaust port, acrank case for each cylinder carried vby the outer end thereof, a crank.shaft for each crank case, gear wheels carried by the crank shaftexterior to the crank case and in engagement with the gear racks,breather tubes interconnecting the. crank cases and the interior of theshaft, a band connecting the outer ends of the crank cases together,igniting means for each cylinder, and a time-r mechanism for renderingthe igniting means active at a predetermined point in therotativemovement of the eu gine.

17. An explosion engine comprising spaced supporting frame structures,sub-frame members carried by the frame structures, gea-r racks mountedon the peripheral portions of the sub-frame members, a shaft mounted onsaidsub-frame members, a port 4,block carried by the shaft, powercylinders carried by the port block inl radial relation thereto, thesaid port block lbeing provided with passages extending to opposite endsthereof and communicating with the cylinders individually, terminal portmembers for the port block and secured to the latter, port rings mountedin the sub-frames in encircling relation to the terminal members of ywheels carried bythe crank shaft exterior tov -with anexhaust port, acrank case for each cylinder carried by the outer end thereof, a crankshaft for each crank case, gear the crank case and in engagement withthe gear racks, breather tubes interconnecting the crank cases and theinterior of theshaft, a band connecting the outer ends4 of the crankcases together, igniting means for each cylinder, a timermechanism forrendering,

the igniting means active at 'a predetermined point in the rotativemovement of the engine, and a governor responsive to a predeterminedspeed of rotation of the engine, said governor controlling the timermechanism and alsoprovided with a throttle actuating means forcontrolling the quantity of inflow of fuel to the engine.

18. In an explosion engine, a rotatable series of povver cylinders andmeans for controlling said cylinders in four cycle order comprising aport. block rotatable With the cylinders and having inlet and exhaustpassages for each cylinder and separate relatively fixed members oneprovided with aninlet port and the other with an exhaust port for theengine, said members having their ports in position to communicate Withthe passages to the cylinders on the rotative movement of the port blockin four cycle order.

19. In an explosion engine, a rotatable series of power cylinders andcontrolling means therefor comprising a port block rotatable 'with thecylinders, said port block having passages therethrough individual tothe cylinders, end members for the port block each comprising a ringwith passages therethrough communicating with the passages in the portblock and with radial circular spaced flanges and also having packingmembers on opposite sides of the outlets of the passages, and a portring for each terminal member of the port block having interior groovesfor the reception of the flanges on said terminal members and providedWith a port into matching relation with which the passages in therespective terminal member of the port block are movable in succession.

20. In an explosion engine, a rotatable series of power cylinders andcontrolling means therefor comprising a port block rotatable with thecylinders, said port block having passages therethrough individual tothe cylinders, end members for the port block cach comprising a ringwith passages therethrough communicating with the passages in the portblock and with radial circular spaced flanges and also having packingmembers on opposite sides of the ports of the passages, a port ring foreach terminal member of the port block` having interior grooves for thereception of the flanges on said terminal members and provided With aport into matching relation with, which the passages in the respectiveterminal member of the port block are movable in succession, said portring having means for holding it in different ports of rotativeadjustment, and means for imparting rotative movement to the port ringat will.

y2l. In an explosion engine, a rotatable series of power cylinders andmeans for supplying fuel to the cylinders and exhausting the burnt gasesin four cycle order comprising a port block With terminal members, saidblock and terminal members having passages therethrough individual toand communicating With the respective cylinders, said passagesterminating at the pe ripheral portions of the terminal members, andrelatively fixed port rings surrounding said terminal members and eachprovided with a port into matching relation Withwhich the passagesthrough the periphery of the respective terminal member of the portblock are movable in succession by the rotative movement of the portblock.

22. In an explosion engine, a rotatable. series of power cylinders andmeans for supplying fuel to the cylinders and exhausting the burnt gasesin four cycle order comprising a port block With'terminal members, saidblock and terminal members having passages therethrough individual toand communicating with the respective cylinders, saidpassagesterminating at the peripheral portions of the terminal members,relatively fixed port rings surrounding said terminal members and eachprovided With a port into matching relation with which the passagesthrough the periphery of the respective terminal member of the portblock are movable in succession by the rotative movement of the portblock, said port ring having a circular series of recesses, lockingmeans mov-able into and out of the recesses at Will, and means forimparting rotativemovement to the port ring at Will comprising a gearmember. on the port ring, a pinion in engagement with said gearmempinion at Will.

23 In anexplosion engine, a rotatable series of radially disposed powercylinders, a port block carrying said cylinders and rotatable with them,the port block having ports or passages individual to and communicatingwith the cylinders, and separate relatively stationary members havingports or passages therethrough for the flow of fuel and the escape ofburnt gases, the port block by its rotative movement carrying the portstherein into successive matching relation to the ports in-the relativelyfixed port members to establish four cycle conditionsin the powercylinders.

24. In an explosion engine, a rotor provided with power cylinders and aport block carrying said cylinders and provided with ports or passagesindividual to said cylinders, said port block having terminal memberswith spaced peripheral flanges and the passages through the port blockopening through the periphery of the terminal members between theflanges, and port rings embracing the flanged edges of the terminalmembers of the -port block and provided with grooves receiving saidflanges, said port rings being each provided with a port into which theperipheral ports of the terminal members are movable successively andsaid rings also being divided for application to the flanged terminalmembers. 25. In an explosion engine, a rotatable series of powercylinders, a port block carrying said cylinders and provided withpassages or ports individual to said cylinders, Aport members eachhaving a single port in matching relation to which the respective portsor passages' in the port block are brought successively by the rotativemovement of the port block, and means for the rotative movement of the'relatively fixed port members to vary the relation thereof to therotatable port block to correspondingly vary the cycle of operations forcausinglrotation Vin one direction or the other at W 26. In an explosionengine, a rotatable series of power cylinders, a port block carryingsaid cylinders, a shaft carrying the port block, a supporting frame inwhich the shaft 1s Journaled, relatively fixed separate port memberscarried by the supporting frame and with relation to which the portmember is rotatable for bringing its ports succes'- sively 1nto matchingrelation to the ports of the respective port members to establlsh fourcycle conditlons within the power cylinders,

and means controlled by the power cylinders for causing rotativemovement of said cylinders and port block.

2.7. In an explosion` engine, a hollow shaft, a circular series ofradially disposedpower cylinders carried by said shaft, crank casescarrled by the cylinders, breather tubes interconnected -with the crankcases and with the hollow shaft, and means for introducing lubricantinto said hollow sha-ft.

28. In an explosion engine provided with a framestructure having opposedsub-frame members' in spaced relation one to the other and each formed'with a peripheral overhanging flange, a circular gear rack mounted onthe exterior of said overhanging flange, port rings carried by thesub-frame members interior to the flanges thereof, each of said portrings having a port therethrough, a shaft mounted on said sub-framemembers concentric with Vthe port rings and with the overhangingflanges, a port block on said shaft having terminal members within theport rings, the port blocks and terminal members having passagestherethrough opening at the peripheries of the terminal members inposition to be brought successively into matching relation to the portsof the port rings, power cylinders mounted on -the port block andcommunicating with the passages in the port block, pistons carried bythe power cylinders, and connections between the pistons and the gearracks, said connections including gear wheels engaging vsaid gear racksfor imparting rotative movement to the cylinders by the reciprocatory,movement of the pistons.

29. An explosion engine provided with a frame structure having opposedsub-frame members in spaced relation one to the other and each formedwith a peripheral overhanging ilange, a circular gear rack mounted onthe exterior of said overhanging flange, port rings carried by thesub-frame members interior to the flanges thereof, each of said portrings having a port therethrough, a shaft mounted on said sub-framemembers concentric with the port rings and with thel overhangingflanges, a port yblock in said shaft having terminal members within theport rings, the port blocks and terminal members having passagestherethrough opening at the peripheries of the terminal members inposition to be brought successively into matching relation to the portsin the port rings, power cylinders mounted on the port block andcommunicatingwith the passages in the port block, crank cases carried bythe cylinders, crank shafts mounted in the crank cases and connected tothe pistons, gear Wheels carried by the crank shafts in engagement withthe racks on the subframes, and a band connecting the crank casestogether at their outer ends.

, 30. An explosion engine provided Wit-h aA frame structure havingopposed sub-frame members in spaced relation one to the other and eachformed with a peripheral overhanging flange, a circular gear rackmounted on the exterior of said overhanging flange, port rings carriedby the sub-frame members interior to the flanges thereof, each of saidport rings having a port therethrough, a shaft mounted 0n said sub-framemembers concentric with the port rings and with the sively into matchingrelation to the ports inthe port rings, power cylinders mounted on theport block and communicating withlthe passagesrin 'the port block, crankcases carried by the cylinders, cra-nk shafts mounted in the crank casesand connected t0 the pistons, gear wheelscarried loyjche' crank shaftsin engagement with the racks on the subframes, a band connecting thecrank cases together at theirl outer ends, and breather 'tubesconnecting the crank cases and the interi'or 0f the shaft, the latterbeing hollow and provided with means for the introduction of lubricantinto said shaft.

testimony, that I claim the foregoing 15 as my own, I have heretoaffixed my signa-V ELIZABETH J. CHANDLER, BLANCHE HILL.-

